Demographics of Peoria, IL

Peoria, Illinois, located in the heart of the state along the Illinois River, is a city rich in history, culture, and diversity. As the largest city on the Illinois River and a major cultural hub in Central Illinois, Peoria offers a unique blend of urban and suburban living. This article explores the demographics of Peoria, IL, providing an in-depth look at its population, ethnicity, age distribution, education levels, income, and more.

Population Overview

Current Population

Peoria, IL, has a population of approximately 113,000 residents, making it the seventh-largest city in Illinois. The city’s population has seen various changes over the years, influenced by economic conditions, migration patterns, and urban development.

Population Growth Trends

  • Historical Growth: In the early 20th century, Peoria experienced rapid growth due to its thriving manufacturing and distilling industries. The city’s population peaked in the mid-20th century before experiencing a gradual decline as industries shifted.
  • Recent Trends: In recent decades, Peoria’s population has stabilized, with modest fluctuations. The city has focused on revitalizing its downtown area and developing new residential and commercial spaces, which have attracted new residents.

Ethnic and Racial Composition

Racial Demographics

Peoria is a racially and ethnically diverse city, with a mix of different communities contributing to its vibrant culture.

Race/EthnicityPercentage
White (Non-Hispanic)54.3%
Black or African American26.8%
Hispanic or Latino8.7%
Asian6.3%
Two or More Races3.2%
Other Races0.7%

Diversity and Community

Peoria’s diversity is reflected in its neighborhoods, schools, and cultural events. The city is home to a variety of ethnic communities, including a significant African American population and growing Hispanic and Asian communities. This diversity is celebrated through numerous cultural festivals, international markets, and community organizations that promote inclusivity and multiculturalism.

Age Distribution

Age Groups

Peoria has a relatively balanced age distribution, catering to a wide range of residents from young professionals to retirees. Below is a breakdown of the age distribution:

Age GroupPercentage
Under 18 years22.5%
18-24 years11.6%
25-44 years26.3%
45-64 years24.1%
65 years and over15.5%

Median Age

  • Median Age: The median age in Peoria is approximately 35.7 years, slightly younger than the national median, indicating a city with a relatively youthful population.

Generational Breakdown

Peoria’s generational composition includes Baby Boomers, Generation X, Millennials, and Generation Z, each contributing to the city’s workforce, economy, and social dynamics.

Household and Family Structure

Household Types

Peoria’s households vary widely, reflecting the city’s diverse population and living arrangements.

Household TypePercentage
Family Households63.4%
Non-Family Households36.6%
Households with Children30.1%
Households without Children69.9%

Average Household Size

  • Average Household Size: The average household size in Peoria is 2.4 persons, which is consistent with national averages for urban areas.

Marital Status

The marital status of Peoria’s residents also varies, contributing to the city’s dynamic social structure.

Marital StatusPercentage
Married46.2%
Never Married33.5%
Divorced13.7%
Widowed6.6%

Education and Employment

Education Levels

Peoria is home to a well-educated population, with access to numerous educational institutions, including Bradley University and Illinois Central College.

Education LevelPercentage
High School Graduate91.4%
Bachelor’s Degree27.5%
Graduate or Professional Degree12.6%

Employment Sectors

Peoria’s economy is diverse, with key industries including healthcare, manufacturing, education, and retail.

Employment SectorPercentage
Healthcare and Social Assistance22.3%
Manufacturing17.8%
Retail Trade11.5%
Education Services10.1%
Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services7.4%

Major Employers

  • Caterpillar Inc.: Historically, Caterpillar Inc. was one of Peoria’s largest employers, though its global headquarters moved to Deerfield, IL, in 2017. The company still maintains a significant presence in the area.
  • OSF Healthcare: A major healthcare provider and employer in Peoria, offering a wide range of medical services and job opportunities.
  • UnityPoint Health: Another key player in the healthcare sector, contributing significantly to local employment.

Income and Poverty Levels

Median Household Income

  • Median Household Income: The median household income in Peoria is approximately $52,200, which is slightly lower than the national median but reflective of the city’s affordable cost of living.

Income Distribution

Income distribution in Peoria varies, with a significant portion of households earning between $50,000 and $100,000 annually.

Income BracketPercentage
Less than $25,00022.1%
$25,000 to $49,99924.8%
$50,000 to $99,99931.4%
$100,000 to $199,99917.2%
$200,000 and above4.5%

Poverty Rate

  • Poverty Rate: Approximately 17.6% of Peoria’s residents live below the poverty line, which is higher than the national average. Efforts are ongoing within the community to address economic disparities and provide support for low-income families.

Housing and Living Conditions

Housing Types

Peoria offers a variety of housing options, from historic homes to modern apartments, catering to diverse tastes and budgets.

Housing TypePercentage
Single-Family Homes59.3%
Apartments30.5%
Townhouses/Condos10.2%

Homeownership vs. Renting

  • Homeownership Rate: Approximately 58% of Peoria’s residents own their homes, while 42% are renters. The city’s real estate market is generally affordable, making homeownership accessible for many families.

Median Home Value

  • Median Home Value: The median home value in Peoria is around $130,000, offering affordable options compared to larger metropolitan areas.

Rental Market

  • Median Rent: The median rent in Peoria is approximately $850 per month, making it an attractive option for those looking for budget-friendly housing.

Health and Well-Being

Healthcare Access

Peoria is well-served by a variety of healthcare providers, including hospitals, clinics, and specialized care centers.

  • Major Hospitals: OSF Saint Francis Medical Center and UnityPoint Health – Methodist are the two primary hospitals offering comprehensive medical services.

Health Statistics

Peoria’s health indicators reflect both the strengths and challenges faced by the community.

Health IndicatorValue
Life Expectancy77.5 years
Adult Obesity Rate30.2%
Smoking Rate16.5%
Access to Healthy Foods82.1%

Transportation and Commuting

Transportation Modes

Peoria offers a range of transportation options, including public transit, personal vehicles, and cycling.

Mode of TransportPercentage
Personal Vehicles84.7%
Public Transit7.3%
Walking/Biking5.6%
Other2.4%

Average Commute Time

  • Commute Time: The average commute time for Peoria residents is approximately 20 minutes, which is shorter than the national average, reflecting the city’s manageable traffic and proximity of residential areas to employment centers.

Public Transportation

  • Greater Peoria Mass Transit District (CityLink): Provides bus services throughout the city, connecting key neighborhoods, shopping centers, and employment hubs.

Conclusion

Peoria, IL, is a city of diversity and opportunity. Its demographics reveal a vibrant mix of cultures, a balanced age distribution, and a range of housing and employment options. While the city faces challenges such as income disparities and health concerns, ongoing community efforts aim to improve the quality of life for all residents. With its rich history, accessible amenities, and welcoming community, Peoria continues to be a dynamic place to live, work, and thrive.

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